Tax Relief for Ponzi Scheme Losses
The name Bernard Madoff will forever be associated with investment fraud. Unfortunately, however, Madoff is not the only bad apple involved in handling the money of trusting investors. With the softening in the stock market, many fraudulent investment schemes across the country have come tumbling down like a house of cards. If you have fallen victim to one of these schemes, the Society of Louisiana CPAs (LCPA) advises that you may qualify for tax relief on your losses in an investment scam.
Tax Deduction Available
Fraud victims may never recover most of the money that they lose from a con artist like Madoff, but they may be able to lower their tax burden as a result of their loss by using an optional safe harbor method for computing and reporting these losses. That’s because the Internal Revenue Service announced last year that Ponzi scheme victims generally can deduct as much as 95% of their qualified investment, as long as they are not involved in a lawsuit to recover those losses. If they are suing for recovery, they can deduct up to 75% of their qualified investment. The deductible amount is reduced by any actual recovery and potential recovery claims under insurance policies or through an appeal to the Securities Investor Protection Corp. (SIPC), which reimburses victims of investment fraud, theft or failure.
Does Not Apply to Investment Losses
Keep in mind that the tax relief does not apply to investment losses you may have incurred due to a drop in stock market prices or similar trading losses. It is aimed at fraudulent business practices, not bad investment choices. It is only in force for those who fall victim to what the IRS refers to as “specified fraudulent arrangements.” In these cases, the con artist must have received cash or other property directly from the investors, falsely told the investors that the money was invested and earning income, reported income amounts to the investors that are partially or totally fictitious, stolen some or all of the investor’s money, and made payments to some investors using money obtained from other unwitting investors in the scam. In other words, the fraud must essentially meet the definition of a classic Ponzi scheme, as Madoff’s scam did.
Charges Required
You are not allowed to deduct losses unless there is some official acknowledgement that a crime may have occurred. To that end, the person or group leading the scheme must have been charged under federal or state law with fraud, embezzlement or a similar crime that would be considered a theft under the definition of theft in the Internal Revenue Code, or must have been the subject of a state or federal complaint alleging such a crime. In addition, the victims must have been unaware of the fraud. Although the scam may have gone on for a long period, taxpayers are eligible to take the deduction in the year they became aware of the fraud. That means that on the tax returns being prepared now, you can deduct losses on frauds you discovered in 2009.
Turn to Your CPA
With any investment offer, remember that when something sounds too good to be true, it usually is. There are also often clues that a fraud is being committed, including claims of unrealistic profits or unbelievable potential. If you have suspicions about any investment opportunity, be sure to turn to your CPA with questions. He or she can help you evaluate investment offers, and consider warning signs of trouble. Your CPA can also provide guidance on tax relief for victims of investment fraud and answer other tax or financial questions you may have.
For more tax and financial advice, visit the Public section of te LCPA's website at www.lcpa.org.
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Pursuant to IRS Circular 230 and IRS regulations we inform you that any federal tax advice contained in this article is not intended or written to be used, and cannot be used, for the purpose of avoiding penalties imposed under the Internal Revenue Code.
Copyright 2010 The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants.
